Tourism in the effects of globalization are increasingly felt in different sectors, especially in the environment. The opening of the political and ideological boundaries and advances in communication technologies, among other factors, has contributed to the transformation of the environment and strengthening the process of globalization
Behind the beautiful landscape of social and environmental degradation
Introduction
We seek this text rescue some themes and concepts that permeate the current thinking among the relationship between tourism, globalization and the environment, working: the space and its forms of organization; the concept of environment, key to tourism; and the process of globalization and the insertion of the impacts of their new techniques in the tourist area.
We highlight the ideas of Milton Santos as embasadora this discussion. The choice of this author is a pressing need for the low use of the ideas of this geographer in the understanding of space tourism and its relationship with the environment. Most authors in tourism and environment prefer to opt for definitions and theories attached to more linear and systematic thoughts structures. The use of the ideas of this author enriches the discussion proposal - tourism in times of globalization: rethinking the environment.
It is necessary to rethink the environment
The text is divided into three parts, the first is a discussion of the relationship between tourism, globalization and the environment. Emphasize that part of the text as the environment is seen in the context of globalization, a phenomenon in process in today's society and the role of tourism as an agent.
In the second part, we present one of the major impacts of globalization on the environment, triggering numerous conflicts as the industrial society, post-industrial reaffirms the need for balance and create new economic and last sources, weave and reaffirm an interesting way to tourism, tourism planning concerned with the notion climb.
Tourism, Globalization and the Environment
We must do in principle some considerations about the concept of environment and its meaning with the advent of globalization, it means to think about how the environment has become at this stage of human history. We emphasize the importance of the environment to understand the tourist activity, after much of this activity is based on the organization, planning and consumption of the environment.
Transforming the Environment
But prior to this, we need to understand what the environment today. Milton Santos, who does not work directly with the concept of the environment but of nature, the author defines: "We refer to what we call Nature successive systems, where it is container and content of Man, including objects, the actions, beliefs, desires, the overwhelming reality and prospects ". Thus, we can see the extent of this concept and its difficult simplification for use in tourism.
Also according to Milton Santos, in this historical period, we can speak of a Social Nature, rationalized by man, manipulated by reason and therefore supernatural (non-natural). This idea of Milton, leads us to a reading of the environment, much more directed to the environment than the medium itself, the human aspects are highlighted in relation to the physical aspects. The environment can not be explained only by the organization of the physical forces of nature, but the interaction with man.
Interaction of man and nature that explains this view
But this relationship is today tecnificada, throughout history has performed differently: is what Milton Santos calls friend nature, having a perfect relationship between the elements of nature and human action, man used from the nature for their survival without damaging it.
Currently, globalization also unifies the global nature, bringing new features to this nature: it is technology-dependent, hostile nature in the words of Milton. She is already dominated by certain social groups who print a new relationship, not complementary, but exploration. The tourist activity is prey to the globalization process, so it is used constantly the hostile nature or even hostile environment, to explore it and consume it.
This relationship is permeated with today's speech environment, a directed speech to own interests and often globalized. The media, in this case, has a prominent role, giving credibility to this flawed discourse. Milton Santos also tells us a spectacle nature, therefore invented by communication tools, and the nature progressively tends to excel the historical nature, product of human action over time.
It is precisely using this nature show that much of the discourse and practice of tourism walks. This is worrying because the show environment hides the historic environment, this process turns out to convey a false reality and committed to the tourism activity you be based on local space.
Another point is the speed at which the transformations towards homogenization of places has occurred in our time. But even with such speed that all this new globalizing process reached was a fragmentary homogenization, dominated by big capital and moved constantly by global competition.
Globalization thus tends to make equal spaces, but spaces? The tourist space? The space transformed by tourism? For Santos, these spaces are selected, it is not any space that wins this global connotation, the "chosen" are the spaces of the goods, which appear profit of surplus value in the value of work.
Following again the reasoning of Milton Santos ask: tourism produces and elects spaces of the goods?
Source: turismocriativo
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